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Background and Objectives: The decline in GDP caused by the global economic recession of 2008 and that caused by the COVID-19 pandemic has resulted in the poor economy of countries around the globe with increased rates of unemployment and adverse job conditions. This systematic review aims to identify the impact of a Financial crisis on Psychological well-being, Life satisfaction, Health Satisfaction, and Financial Incapability. Methodology: The literature included in the review was searched from Feb 1, 2023, to March 26, 2023, by using the PUBMED database as the search engine. Studies discussing the impact of the financial or economic crisis on psychological well-being, Health, Life satisfaction, and Financial Incapabilities published in the English Language were included in this review whereas systematic reviews and metanalysis, case reports, articles published in languages other than English and articles with limited access were excluded. Result(s): Of the 26 articles found eligible for the study, there were 22 Quantitative studies, 2 qualitative studies, and 2 Mixed Method Studies. Most of the articles included in this study discussed the Global Economic crisis caused by COVID-19 and the Global Financial Crisis of 2008. Almost 80% of the studies included in this review discussed psychological well-being and the prevalence of psychological disorders including Depression, Anxiety, Stress, Fear, Loneliness, Burnout, and Suicide whereas the rest of the articles discussed mortality regarding mental disorders. Conclusion(s): Financial crisis or economic recession results in an increased prevalence of common mental disorders affecting psychological well-being by increasing rates of unemployment and adverse job conditions. Policymakers with competitive financial behavior and knowledge are essential elements for psychological well-being and life satisfaction.Copyright © 2023 Lahore Medical And Dental College. All rights reserved.
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From 2018 to 2022, on average, 70% of the Brazilian effective electric generation was produced by hydropower, 10% by wind power, and 20% by thermal power plants. Over the last five years, Brazil suffered from a series of severe droughts. As a result, hydropower generation was reduced, but demand growth was also declined as results of the COVID-19 pandemic and economic recession. From 2012 to 2022, the Brazilian reservoir system operated with, on average, only 40% of the active storage, but storage recovered to normal levels in the first three months of 2022. Despite large capacity of storage reservoirs, high volatility of the marginal cost of energy was observed in recent years. In this paper, we used two optimization models, NEWAVE and HIDROTERM for our study. These two models were previously developed for mid-range planning of the operation of the Brazilian interconnected power system. We used these two models to optimize the operation and compared the results with observed operational records for the period of 2018-2022. NEWAVE is a stochastic dual dynamic programming model which aggregates the system into four subsystems and 12 equivalent reservoirs. HIDROTERM is a nonlinear programming model that considers each of the 167 individual hydropower plants of the system. The main purposes of the comparison are to assess cooperation opportunities with the use of both models and better understand the impacts of increasing uncertainties, seasonality of inflows and winds, demand forecasts, decisions about storage in reservoirs, and thermal production on energy prices. © World Environmental and Water Resources Congress 2023.All rights reserved
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The stormy clouds of the coronavirus disease 2019 outbreak caused a rapidly spreading epidemic still hanging over the sphere. Any steps to transition toward a new normal should be guided by health authorities, together with economic and societal considerations. There are various items mainly falling into three classifications, including patient worry, clinical demand, and economic recession. Social distancing, lay-offs, and decreased number of patients with health insurance may lead to a prolonged period to retrieve normalcy. To return to a new normal, an individualized management model should be developed for each laboratory based on staff, instruments, services, crowding, physical space, hospital base unit, or outpatient clinic. Continuous training of different occupational staffs is among the key parameters in maintaining this readiness. The proposed response model should have internal and systemic integrity as well as coherence among the included items in two intra- and inter-unit management categories, namely thinking globally and acting locally.Copyright © 2021 mums.ac.ir All rights reserved.
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Background The mechanism of injury, type of pathology, mode of management and specific problems, in the pediatric age group make these a unique population. The COVID-19 pandemic and lockdown caused a significant reduction in the number of road traffic accidents during the same period and the resultant number of head injuries in children.Methods This was a descriptive study of 76 consecutive pediatric patients admitted with head injury between June and December 2020. Children under 18 years with head injury admitted in our hospital were included.Results The most common etiology of pediatric head injury was found to be fall from height (61.8%) followed by road traffic accidents (27.6%). The most common age group affected was 1 to 5 years with a mean of 6.3 +/- 1 5 years. Road traffic accidents were commonly seen in the 15 to 18 age group. The Glasgow Outcome Score (GOS) of 1 (death) was seen in one patient (1.3%) and low disability in 98.7% of patients.Conclusion Falls formed the most important cause of pediatric head injury during this pandemic, and carefulness on the part of parents can help avoid dangerous consequences for the children. Recovery with minimal disability was observed in approximately all cases in this study. The number of severe traumatic brain injury was very low in this study. This can be attributed to the COVID-19 pandemic causing significant reduction in road traffic accidents and the number of severe head injury Clinicoetiological Profile of Children Admitted with Head Injury During the COVID Pandemic
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The impact of the Covid-19 pandemic has brought dire consequences. The paralysis of a large part of the tourism sector since April 2020 has strongly affected the economy and employment worldwide, leaving without a livelihood a number of people who live and depend on the tourism company. In this context, the present research aims to analyze the effect of the pandemic on tourism in Chile. It is methodologically based on two aspects, first, on the documentary review of different sources that critically analyze the consequences of this health crisis on the economy and tourism, and secondly, on the data processing carried out through the application of the HJ Biplot Multivariate Cubes Model. As the main results of this research, it is evident that the pandemic has caused a decrease in employment and sales in Accommodation Services and Food Services, as well as the arrivals of passengers at Tourist Activity Establishments. It is projected that this study could be a contribution in the construction of public policies that support the reactivation of the national and world economy through tourism. © 2023, Universidade de Aveiro. All rights reserved.
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An editorial is presented on International social work in the new era. Topics include number of infected cases being decreasing, the loss of life being reducing, and social and economic activities again started resuming;and globalization moving towards de-globalization and various supply chains such as human talents, financial capital, ideas, and information.
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Background: Poor prognosis of lung cancer is linked to its late diagnosis, typically in the advanced stage 4 in 50-70% of incidental cases. Lung Cancer Screening Programs provide low-dose lung CT screening to current and former smokers who are at high risk for developing this disease. Greece is an EU country, returning strong from a long period of economic recession, ranked 2nd place in overall age-standardized tobacco smoking prevalence in the EU. In December 2020, at the Metropolitan Hospital of Athens, we started the 1st Screening Program in the country. We present our initial results and pitfalls met. Method(s): A weekly outpatient clinic offers consultation to possible candidates. LDCT (<=3.0mGy), Siemens VIA, Artificial Intelligence multi-computer-aided diagnosis (multi-CAD) system and LungRADS (v.1.1) are used for the validation of any abnormal findings with semi-auto measurement of volume and volume doubling time. Patients get connected when necessary with the smoking cessation and Pulmonology clinic. USPSTF guidelines are used, (plus updated version). Abnormal CT findings are discussed by an MDT board with radiologists, pulmonologists/interventional pulmonologists, oncologists and thoracic surgeons. A collaboration with Fairlife Lung Cancer Care the first non-profit organization in Greece is done, in order to offer the program to population with low income too. An advertisement campaign was organized to inform family doctors and the people about screening programs, together with an anti-tobacco campaign. Result(s): 106 people were screened, 74 males & 32 females (mean age 62yo), 27/106 had an abnormal finding (25%). 2 were diagnosed with a resectable lung cancer tumor (primary adenocarcinoma) of early-stage (1.8%). 2 with extended SCLC (lung lesion & mediastinal adenopathy). 1 with multiple nodules (pancreatic cancer not known until then). 3 patients with mediastinal and hilar lymphadenopathy (2 diagnosed with lymphoma, 1 with sarcoidosis). 19 patients were diagnosed with pulmonary nodules (RADS 2-3, 17%) - CT follow up algorithm. Conclusion(s): We are presenting our initial results, from the first lung cancer screening program in Greece. Greece represents a country many smokers, who also started smoking at a young age, with a both public and private health sector, returning from a long period of economic recession. COVID-19 pandemia has cause practical difficulties along the way. LDCT with AI software, with an MDT board and availability of modern diagnostic and therapeutic alternatives should be considered as essential. A collaboration spirit with other hospitals around the country is being built, in order to share current experience and expertise. Copyright © 2022
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Introduction: Covid-19 pandemic has had severe impact on mental health and well-being of people around the globe. The uncountable loss of life, disruption of face-to-face health services and the uncertainty that followed raised concerns over mental health of all people. The impact was much worse in hospitalised covid-19 individuals. Most of the studies done on Covid-19 and mental health were focused on general population and health care workers. In our clinical practise, we observed an increased level of anxiety, stress and depression among hospitalised covid-19 individuals. Hence, we aim to assess the prevalence of psychological distress in these patients and there by validate our observation. Aims and Objectives: To assess the psychological impact of mild to moderate covid-19 disease in hospitalised patients. Material(s) and Method(s): A cross-sectional study was conducted in mild to moderate Covid-19 patients admitted to the tertiary care centre. A total of 501 patients filled 2 questionnaires - Depression, Anxiety, and Stress Scale-21(DASS-21) and Psycho-Social Assessment scale (PSA), a self-structured questionnaire. Result(s): In the depression subscale of DASS-21, 141(28.1%) had mild depression, 101(20.2%) had moderate depression, and 8 (1.6%) had severe depression. In the anxiety subscale, 105(20.9%) had mild anxiety, 198 (39.5%) had moderate anxiety, 35 (7.0%) had severe anxiety and 3 (0.6%) had extremely severe anxiety. In the stress subscale, 132(26.4 %) had mild stress, 161(32.1%) had moderate stress and 51 (10.2%) had severe stress. Patients above 30 years of age had moderate anxiety and stress, with stress being statistically significant among all age groups and gender. There were about 70% prevalence rate in all subgroups in PSA scale with anxiety being highest with 78%. Conclusion(s): The present study is a frontrunner in exploring the spectrum of psychological distress in hospitalised individuals due to Covid-19 disease. The uncertainty that the pandemic has inflicted upon us and its associated social stigma and economic recession has led to widespread increase in stress, anxiety and depression on people, including youngsters. Government, policy-makers and treating physicians should continue to provide mental health evaluation as an essential health service in all covid-19 affected individuals for early risk stratification and prevention of any unfavourable outcome. Copyright © 2022 Ubiquity Press. All rights reserved.
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This paper reviews studies concerning the social impacts of heat waves, considered to be the most important and dangerous hazard related to the current climate emergency, combined with the effects of Urban Heat Island. The influence of cooling materials to reduce heat related mortality especially in the context of Covid-19 economic recession is highlighted. © 2022 the Author(s).
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The coronavirus disease of 2019 (COVID-19) generated a crisis;however, it also gave us an opportunity to imagine the future and build a better world. Moreover, as we are convinced of the importance of understanding the lessons of history when facing both current and future challenges, this chapter seeks to present a concise overview of global crises since the end of the nineteenth century and to show crises for which we ignored the warning signs and wakeup calls, the consequences of said crises and how we managed to recover and thrive in several cases. Ultimately, we seek to justify the capacity of humanity to build a sustainable future-ideally, a regenerative future. © 2022 Emerald Publishing Limited.
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This research paper aims to examine the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on volatility patterns and its global implication for the textile industry in China. The COVID-19 pandemic has generated a global health crisis with profound economic, social and financial implications, but also has triggered a ruthless global recession. The global economic recovery as a result of the COVID-19 pandemic can also generate significant investment opportunities for the textile industry in China. In this paper, the application of empirical methods could explain historical prices, the movement dynamics of financial assets, and investigate various important characteristics of asset pricing that explore details of the Chinese stock market. The econometric framework includes the following: symmetric Generalize Autoregressive Conditional Heteroscedastic GARCH (1, 1) model, asymmetric GARCH models such as EGARCH and GJR models. The main aim is to identify the asymmetric volatility effect, and impact of news on the SSE Composite Index and investigate long memory properties in volatility using daily data for the sample period from 19th December 1990 to 31st December 2020. This empirical study contributes to the existing literature on the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on international stock markets, by investigating symmetric and asymmetric volatility patterns in the case of the Shanghai Stock Exchange from China.
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The coronavirus pandemic, declared on 11 March 2020 by the World Health Organization, suggests that other pathogens could spread in the coming years. The globalisation of trade can transform a localised epidemic into a pandemic, while calling into question the dietary and cultural habits of local populations. Beyond the health aspects, the COVID-19 pandemic invites us to reflect on the consequences of globalisation, as it is part of a number of current and future economic, social and environmental crises. A health campaign to eradicate pandemics such as this is costly;companies are suffering from the slowdown in activity, leading to an economic recession, despite aid provided by States. The structural causes of this pandemic encourage us to rethink food and health security in the long term. The crisis reveals the fragility of the international just-in-time value chains that have structured the globalisation process over the past 30 years. Copyright © 2022 John Libbey Eurotext.
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This paper aims to present the proposal of a platform founded on a Virtual Breeding Environment (VBE) as an alternative for resource sharing, survival, and growth of organizations that were impacted by the economic recession caused by COVID-19. Considering this, an informational platform model is presented, based on the theoretical framework of VBE and the potential to meet the needs of actors who are part of this environment. The result is a platform called Collabore. This platform helps with resource sharing between companies and enables the development of new network technologies. It also facilitates the co-creation of value between actors, allows lobby creation to compete with large companies in the global market, ensures new jobs and income generation, and facilitates the collaboration between companies dispersed globally, connected by Information and Communication Technologies (ICTs). © 2022, IFIP International Federation for Information Processing.
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The fact that we are talking about how to survive recession for the second time in two years is a timely reminder that we must not take our clients or our businesses for granted. This article describes the key aspects of your business to think about and some simple marketing plans to put in place that will help you to win customers and survive this current storm in the best financial shape possible.
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Purpose>The purpose of this paper is to explore consumers’ retailer preferences during economic growth and recession periods in a Muslim-intensive country, and to compare the efficiency of retailers of different formats.Design/methodology/approach>The data of the retailers operating in different formats in the first two quarters of 2018–2020 are used in the study. The data are analyzed by using Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA). The inputs of the DEA model are personnel expenses, rent costs and advertising expenses;and the outputs are sales and profits, which are the main objective of businesses. Because of the structure of the data, the non-oriented approach is used. The efficiency of retailers is determined in the study with super efficiency, which allows retailers to rank their productivity.Findings>Findings of study present that consumers exhibited price-oriented behaviors during economic recession periods. DEA findings shows that discount stores are the most efficient retailers. However, study findings also reveal that retailers who support cost-reduction strategies with promotion activities are more efficient than others during economic recession periods.Practical implications>Recommendations are made for the decision makers of the retailers in line with the findings of the study.Originality/value>The study contributes to the literature by evaluating the consumer preferences and the efficiency of retailers in COVID-19 outbreak period, which is one of the most special periods in world history.
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The G20 countries are the locomotives of economic growth, representing 64% of the global population and including 4.7 billion inhabitants. As a monetary and market value index, real gross domestic product (GDP) is affected by several factors and reflects the economic development of countries. This study aimed to reveal the hidden economic patterns of G20 countries, study the complexity of related economic factors, and analyze the economic reactions taken by policymakers during the coronavirus disease of 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic recession (2019-2020). In this respect, this study employed data-mining techniques of nonparametric classification tree and hierarchical clustering approaches to consider factors such as GDP/capita, industrial production, government spending, COVID-19 cases/population, patient recovery, COVID-19 death cases, number of hospital beds/1000 people, and percentage of the vaccinated population to identify clusters for G20 countries. The clustering approach can help policymakers measure economic indices in terms of the factors considered to identify the specific focus of influences on economic development. The results exhibited significant findings for the economic effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on G20 countries, splitting them into three clusters by sharing different measurements and patterns (harmonies and variances across G20 countries). A comprehensive statistical analysis was performed to analyze endogenous and exogenous factors. Similarly, the classification and regression tree method was applied to predict the associations between the response and independent factors to split the G-20 countries into different groups and analyze the economic recession. Variables such as GDP per capita and patient recovery of COVID-19 cases with values of $12,012 and 82.8%, respectively, were the most significant factors for clustering the G20 countries, with a correlation coefficient (R2) of 91.8%. The results and findings offer some crucial recommendations to handle pandemics in terms of the suggested economic systems by identifying the challenges that the G20 countries have experienced.
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AFRICAN DEVELOPMENT : The construction industry is expected to grow by 6.2% this year, but will remain in a recovery phase after experiencing a near recession that was exacerbated by Covid-19 and the associated hard lockdown. This will have a positive impact on employment, while contributing to improved sentiment towards the economy, said GVK-Siya Zama CFO John de Sousa. Contributing towards this forecast has been improved sentiment in the market, largely due to the government's recent emphasis on growing public-private partnerships and increasing infrastructure spend. However this does not guarantee a "immediate recovery" in the domestic construction market as the Covid-19 pandemic starts to ease or in response to government's positive news for the industry, GVK-Siya Zama CFO John de Sousa said
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This paper aims to investigate the effects of various fiscal policy measures for small and open economies by analysing the implications of fiscal shocks in the Baltic countries based on data for the period from 1995 to 2018. For this purpose, we have chosen structural VAR estimation methods following Blanchard, O., & Perotti, R. (2002). An Empirical Characterization of the Dynamic Effects of Changes in Government Spending and Taxes on Output. The Quarterly Journal of Economics, 117(4), 1329–1368, approach and relied on local projections for robustness checks. We find that the impact on growth of direct taxes, government consumption and public investment is strong and persistent in the analysed cases. Although the responses of FDI to fiscal shocks are less consistent as compared to output, in most cases, we get strong and persistent negative reactions in FDI to increasing tax burden.
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The Great Recession of 2007–2009 had profound effects on all sectors of the U.S. economy. In this article we assess the relationship between the academic job market in U.S. geography and the business cycle. Specifically, we examine the responsiveness of the job market to the business cycle since the early 1970s, the impacts of the Great Recession on hiring, and how hiring networks changed with the recession. For our analyses we draw on data from American Association of Geographers (AAG) publications, principally the AAG Newsletter (Jobs in Geography) and the Guide to Geography Programs in the Americas. We find that (1) the academic job market in geography is tightly linked to the business cycle and highly vulnerable to recessions, (2) the 2007–2009 recession destabilized demand and supply in the market with impacts on hiring lasting at least ten years, and (3) hiring networks among PhD-granting programs contracted, had lower connectivity, and witnessed a reshuffling of the top-hiring schools postrecession. Overall, the Great Recession dampened the likelihood of securing a tenure-track position in U.S. geography more so than any recession over the past fifty years. The arrival of COVID-19 and the accompanying contraction of gross domestic product are likely to further adversely affect faculty hiring. © 2022 by American Association of Geographers.